Cultivated yams are vegetatively propagated while wild yams are sexually propagated. The leaves are soft, heartshaped, and 58 cm long and 68 cm wide. Dioscorea alata in maluku are only sold in the form of a pile at a price of between rp 50000 per stack and then processed in a simple method such making boiledcassava or compote with sweet coconut milk, etc. How dioscorea esculenta is effective for various diseases is listed in repertory format. It produces a large root crop of edible subterranean tubers yams which are an important starchy food source in many tropical to subtropical areas around the globe. Dietary pes plant estrogens of dioscorea can provide wide range of health benefits including protection. The bulbils may also be eaten, but the large tubers are favored. The physicochemical properties of water yam dioscorea alata var. Uses, benefits, cures, side effects, nutrients in dioscorea esculenta.
How dioscorea alata is effective for various diseases is listed in repertory format. Dioscorea alata plant finder missouri botanical garden. It is also called as ube in philippines where it is consumed as a delicious and delightful sweet jam. They are mostly grown for their starchy tubers both cultivated and wild and for medicinal properties. Names of dioscorea alata in various languages of the world are also given. Several species are widely cultivated in many cultivars including dioscorea alata d. The effects of the concentration of brown sugar and the.
Characterization of the dioscorin gene family in dioscorea alata. Each plant produces around 23 tubers that have purple flesh and a browny exterior. Names of dioscorea esculenta in various languages of the world are also given. Dioscorea alata water yam dioscorea altissima dunguey dioscorea bulbifera air yam dioscorea cayenensis yellow guinea yam dioscorea composita yam dioscorea convolvulacea yam dioscorea dumetorum bitter yam. The plant diversity is distributed from the western ghats to eastern ghats, along with the northeastern region and from the greater himalayas to the plain of ganga. Dioscorea alata, also known as purple yam, ube, or greater yam, among many other names, is a species of yam a tuber.
A number of wild crops remain unexplored in this world and among them some have excellent medicinal and nutritional properties. The wide adaptation and cultivation of water yam makes it one of the most important dioscorea species used for food in tropical and subtropical regions tay. The tubers are usually bright lavender in color, hence the common name, but they may sometimes be white. Yams description yam is the common name for some plant species in the genus dioscorea family dioscoreaceae that form edible tubers. Pdf effects of extraction methods on yam dioscorea. The tubers are usually a vivid violetpurple to bright lavender in color hence the common name, but some range in color from cream to plain white. Dioscorea alata cultivars in bayelsa state, nigeria ogidi i. In florida, herbarium records now reported for naturalized. General information water yam is a vigorous, perennial, climbing plant, producing annual stems up to 15 metres long from a very large tuberous rootstock. List of various diseases cured by dioscorea esculenta.
Click below on a thumbnail map or name for species profiles. Review of empirical and emerging breeding methods and. Dioscorea species, popularly known as yam worldwide and as ban aalu in odisha, india, is a prime staple medicinalfood substitute for the majority of rural and tribal people of the state of india. The pdf file linked from each plant community name describes the model and synthesizes the knowledge available on vegetation composition, structure, and dynamics in that community. Effects of different types of yam dioscorea alata products on the. Phenotypic and molecular assessment of genetic structure and. The plants stems are round and thin, with big, black compound spines that are 24 cm long. The study of physical properties of dioscorea alatas.
Dioscorea plants, the present investigation was carried out with a view to regenerate plantlet of dioscorea alata l. Dioscorin is one of the major soluble proteins in yam tubers. The plants database includes the following 30 species of dioscorea. Potential health benefits of water yam dioscorea alata. Dioscorea alata in the germplasm resources information network grin, u. They are high in starch content, edible and can be cooked before being eate. Its botanical name is dioscorea polystachya mistakenly called d. Dioscorea is a genus of great economic value, including important food plants. The aim of this research was the evaluation of the kinetics and the drying conditions, at laboratory scale, of two yam varieties d. Yam is an important staple source of carbohydrates starch.
The plant list includes 1,192 scientific plant names of species rank for the genus dioscorea. Reaction of dioscorea alata clones to plant parasitic. Reaction of dioscorea alata clones to plant parasitic nematodes infection osei k. The alabama plant atlas is a source of data for the distribution of plants within the state as well as taxonomic, conservation, invasive, and wetland information for each species. Uses, benefits, cures, side effects, nutrients in dioscorea alata. Co 1 dioscorea alata soil and climate it requires warm and humid conditions with a mean temperature of 300c and a well distributed annual rainfall of 12002000 mm. Dioscorea in kew science plants of the world online. Yam is the third most important root and tuber crop in the tropics but few species are grown as health food andor for medicinal purposes. Dioscorea esculenta herb uses, benefits, cures, side effects.
Vigorously twining herbaceous vine, from massive underground tuber. Knuth and a key to the yams of the comoro archipelago. Dioscorea alata, also known as purple yam, ube, or greater yam, among many other names. Dioscorea alata is the most extensively cultivated of the edible yams. Dioscorea opposita thunb tuber mucilage, dioscorea alata, dioscorea japonica, dioscorin esculenta, dioscorea babata etc. Dioscorea alata, known as purple yam and many other names, is a species of yam, a tuberous root vegetable. Starch extraction from roots and tubers uses grating with water and sieves to separate the starch slurry from residual mass. Pdf the exponential increase in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in recent. Pdf drying kinetics of two yam dioscorea alata varieties. Dioscorea alata is mainly cultivated for its large white edible flesh roots which have. Greater yam, water yam, white yam, winged yam synonymy.
The starch is recovered by decantation or centrifugation. Bearth t bb, kappel r, kruger g, pfister r, editor. Root and tuber crops are the most important food crops after cereals. Water yam or purple yam dioscorea alata is the main food crop of the genus dioscorea.
Dioscorea dumetorum, burkina faso dioscorea japonica. Summarya tissue culture method is described for the rapid clonal multiplication of dioscorea alata and d. Dioscorins from different dioscorea species all exhibit both carbonic anhydrase and trypsin inhibitor activities. A downloadable pdf document of a book in prepublication awaiting illustration. Dec 21, 2015 finally, it is much more easily applied across species compared to simple sequence repeats ssr that are often difficult to transfer between even closely related species. This article is about yam a, dioscorea alata a for alata uhlaytuh. Starches of two water yam dioscorea alata varieties used as. Dioscorea alata, known as purple yam, ube, or greater yam, among many other names, is a species of yam, a tuber. Department of agriculture agricultural research service. Dioscorea alata, also known as greater yam, is one of the major cultivated species.
Unlike other wellknown plant storage proteins, such as patatin and sporamin, dioscorin is argued. It is also called the winged yam because its stem is very square. The tubers are usually vivid violetpurple to bright lavender in colour, hence the common name, but they may sometimes be plain white. Dioscorea rotundata is indigenous to west africa and represents the most important species in terms of volume of production while d. Dioscorea alata, popularly known as white, water or winged yam, is a tuberous root vegetable which belongs to the genus of dioscorea. This is important in the regions of the tropics, where it is grown for. Philippine herbal medicine an illustrated compilation of philippine medicinal plants by dr godofredo stuart, with botanical information, chemical properties, folkloric uses and research studies. An excellent, if rather terse, guide to the traditional medicinal uses of the plants of the region. Several species of dioscorea are among the main sources of diogenin. Coursey 1967, varying in the color and consistency of the flesh.
Stems to 10 m 30 ft or more in length, freely branching above. It is closely related to air potato dioscorea bulbifera. Winged yam dioscorea alata is another nonnative, invasive vine in florida. Dioscorea esculenta herb uses, benefits, cures, side. Complete chloroplast genome sequences of dioscorea. Page designed through the cooperative efforts of interagency itis teams. Tamiru, 2006, and currently it is the most diversified and extensively distributed species. Introduction for many people in the world the word yni or its translation, refers to dioscorea alata l. Oladele department of plant biology, university of ilorin, 234031 ilorin, nigeria abstract dioscorea alata l. Pdf potential health benefits of water yam dioscorea. Martin, plant geneticist, mayaguez institute of tropical agri culture, agricultural research service, u. Above ground differences betwen yam a, the alata, and yam b, the bulbifera at first glance yam a, the d. Belonging to the genus dioscorea, dioscorea esculenta describes the plants ability to produce edible roots.
Arnau g, abraham k, sheela mn, chair h, sartie a, asiedu r. The plant list includes a further 316 scientific plant names of infraspecific rank for the genus dioscorea. Evolution and phylogenetic diversity of yam species. Dioscorea bacilliform viruses dbvs are members of the badnavirus genus and can. Water yam dioscorea alata is a staple crop for many of the poorest in the tropics. Hosted by the usgs core science analytics and synthesis. Nucl eot ide and protein sequences in different genera within the famil y. Dioscorea alata ufifas center for aquatic and invasive.
Dioscorea alata is one such edible species which has the highest yield among all dioscorea species and can be stored for a relatively longer period 22. Further studies to seek high resolution molecular markers in the species level to the success of identi. Dioscorea alata appears to be the more common name. The record derives from wcsp data supplied on 20120323 which reports it as an accepted name record 239747 with original publication details. Dioscorea alata is one of the most important staple crops in.
The objective of this study is to evaluate some nutritional properties of fourteen water yam d. This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above. Tuber crops find an important place in the dietary habits of small and marginal farmers especially in the food security of tribal. Habit tuber replaced annually, normally cylindric, up to 6 cm. However, yam is susceptible to a range of serious and debilitating diseases including viruses. In florida, herbarium records now reported for naturalized populations in 7 counties. Dioscorea alata ufifas center for aquatic and invasive plants. Feb 14, 2017 growth and distribution of roots of dioscorea alata l.
We present these results in conjunction with evaluation completed with either the status assessment, itp, or the legal status of the species in florida. To ascertain the potential health benefits and alternate usage of the species, 20 varieties of dioscorea alata. The board of trustees of the royal botanic gardens, kew. Dioscorea alata winged yam this plant can be weedy or invasive according to the authoritative sources noted below. The yam starch extraction is difficult due to high viscosity of the. Winged yam is known to have disprupted naturalarea plant communities, particularly coastal hammocks in south florida. Identification of host plant resistance to anthracnose in. Covered with large leaves, it can quickly grow into the tops of tall trees.
Among the selected dioscorea species, the most economically important species, d. Genetic linkage maps have been constructed for one wild species, d. I created this video with the youtube video editor. We assessed the nature and pattern of genetic variability and differentiation in a panel of 100 wingedyam dioscorea alata accessions using 24 phenotypic traits and 6,918 single nucleotide. These are perennial herbaceous vines cultivated for the consumption of their starchy tubers in africa, asia, latin america, the caribbean and oceania.
Of the dioscorea species available in sbr, 10 species are known to be bitter in. Dioscorea rotundata african orphan crops consortium. This is the case for dioscorea where few ssr developed for d. This species was also evaluated using the predictive tool. Escambia, gadsden, leon, levy, charlotte, lee, and dade wunderlin et al. India is a harbor of biodiversity in general and phytodiversity in particular.
Dioscorea alata is a fast growing slender climbing plant with pointed heart shaped leaves. Dioscorea alata, commonly known as water yam or winged yam, is a fastgrowing, twining, tuberousrooted, herbaceous perennial vine of the yam family dioscoreaeae. Department of crop and soil science, faculty of agriculture, niger delta university, wilberforce island, bayelsa state, nigeria. Google suggests water yam as a synonym, making no mention of purple yam with the exception of this wikipedia article. Dioscorea alata herb uses, benefits, cures, side effects. Microsatellite and flow cytometry analysis to help understand the origin of dioscorea alata polyploids. Growth and distribution of roots of dioscorea alata l.
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